Adding-machine.



Patented Aug. l9, I902. H. ELLIS 81, N. W. PERKINS, IR.

ADDING MACHINE.

(Application filed Nov. 9, 1901.)

9 Shea Sheet I.

(No Model.)

N0. 707,309. Patented Aug. l9, I902.

H. ELLIS & N. W. PERKINS, JR.

ADDING MACHINE.

(Application filed Nov. 9, 1901.)

9 Sheefs-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

m: NORRIS PETLRS co. PuoTo-un'w, wAsnmomN. a. c.

m0 707,309. Paiented Aug. l9, I902.

H. ELLIS &. u. w. PERKINS, IR.

ADDING MACHINE.

(Application filed Nov. 9, 1901.)

(No Model.)

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T/a/calm Ell:

Na //m n M Fer/(1) 5 .THE News versus cu, movaumon WASHINGTON. o c.

No. 707,309. Paten td Aug. 19, I902. n. ELLIS cc :4. w. PERKINS, 1n.

ADDING MACHINE.

(Application filed Nov. 9, 1901.)

(No Model.)

Inveniors: Hqcolm Ellis. v N H1 a W; 1 w Kim.

Patented Aug. [9, I902. H. ELLIS &. N. PERKINS IR.

ADDING MACHINE.

(Application filed. Nov. 9, 1901.)

9 SheetsSheet 5.

(No Model.)

t s e Inv entor.

. Hqkolm :EMQ

No. 707,309. Patented Aug. l9, I902.

H. ELLIS &. N. W. PERKINS, JR.

ADDING MACHINE.

{Application filecLNov. 9, 1901.)

.3 Sheets-8heet 6.

lizventoz's.

(N0 Model.)

Attes t:

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No. 707,309. Patentdd Aug l9, I902. H. ELL IS & N. W. PERK|NS, In.ADDING MACHINE.

(Application filed Nov. 9, 1901.)

(N0 lfl L) 9 Sheets-Sheet 7.

Attest: Inve tors Malcolm Ems. Q W WWW/k Nakhlm W. -Pevkim n w'nsymnmgwrrcn; cu. Pnomumu, msmnotou. 0 cv No. 707,309. Patented Aug. I9, 1902.H. ELLIS & N. w. PERKINS, 1R.

ADDING MACHINE.

(Application filed Nov. 9, 1901.)

9 Sheets-Sheet 8.

(No Model.)

KL Invent 01 s No. 707,309. Patented Aug. l9, I902. H. ELLIS &. N. W.PERKINS, IR;

ADDING MACHINE.

(Application filed Nov. 9, 1901.)

9 Sheets-Sheet 9.

Inventors. mime. Ems Nalhanw. pevkins Sr.

(No Model) Aiiesf: I 0

THE Noams PETE RS co. mom-mac \vasnmcron, o. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HALCOLM ELLIS AND NATIIAN w. PERKINS, Ja, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI,ASSIGNORS TO CHARLES H. FILLEY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

ADDING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 707,309, dated August19, 1902.

Application filed November 9, 1901. Serial No. 81,735. (No model.)

T at whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, HALCOLM ELLIS and NATHAN W. PERKINS, Jr., of thecity of St. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Adding and Recording Machines, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, which are made part of this specification.

This invention relates to that class of adding-machines in which theamount is first set up on the keyboard by depressing the keys, afterwhich a handle is operated which causes I5 the machine to add and at thesame time print on a paper the amount so set up on the keys; and itconsists in features of novelty which will be more particularly setforth in the description of the mechanism and operations as illustratedin the drawings.

Figure 1 is aside View of the machine, showing the case covering themechanism. Fig. 2 is a front view of the machine, showing the lateraldisposition of the keys. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on line 3 3 ofFig. 1, showing method of attaching the handle. Fig. 4. is a verticallongitudinal section on line 4 4: of Fig. 2 with the case removed andparts broken away for sake of clearness. Fig. 5 is a side view of theright frame and working parts outside of it. Fig. 6 is a detail of thecarrieroperating device. Fig. 7 is a side view of the left frame andworking parts outside of it. Fig. 8 is a detail of the carriage, partsbroken away to show the rotating mechanism. Fig.

9 is an enlarged detail showing the rack-engaging mechanism inoperation. Fig. 10 is a front view of the automatic 0 stop-bars. Fig. 11is a top view or planof a nest of stopbars, showing automatic 0stop-bars and rack-engaging bar. Fig. 12 is a detail side view of thecarrying device shown in both positions. Fig. 13 is a plan view of Fig.12; Fig. 14, a cross-section on line 14 1A of Fig. 1,

5 showing how the sector-arms converge to the center. Fig. 15 is adetail showing the multiplying-keyin operation. Fig. 16 is a detailshowing the total-key and the multiplyingkey and their attachments. Fig.17 is a detail showing the action of the turn-blocks on the sectors;Fig. 18, a detail showing three views of the turn-blocks. Fig. 19 is aside view of the lock-operating device for the total-key. Fig. 20 is anend View of Fig. 19.

The principal features of this machine in which it differs from othermachines of its class consist in its simplicity, small number of partsemployed, the directness of its action, silent operation, directprinting from the type, a complete system of locks whereby everyfunction of the machine must complete its movement before any otherinterfering movement can commence, visible printing, and apaper-carriage that can be adjusted to any desired position laterally.

Referring to the drawings, it will be seen that the machine is mountedon a base 1 and that the mechanism is mostly inclosed in a case 2.

The machine consists of several distinct features or groups ofmechanisms, which by their cooperation go to produce the resultsdesired. Thesegroupswillbedescribedseparately, with their operations.

The 7teyb0ard.The keyboard consists of a lower and upper plate 3 and 4:,through which the key-stems 5 extend. These key-stems 5 have notches 6alternately cut from their front and back edges, and strips 7, securedto the plate 3, prevent the key-stems 5 from being withdrawn. The upperend of the key-stems 5 are capped by the usual button 8, numbered on itsupper face from l to 9. The lower ends of the key-stems 5 rest on theupper edge of the stop-bars 9, the ends of which are bent to the right,where necessary, to bring them under the key-ste ms 5, as clearly shownin Fig. 11, where the position of the key-stems 5 is indicated in dottedlines. The stop-bars 9 are pivoted on a rod 10, suitably supported fromthe base 1, and are held in their normal position by the action ofsprings 11, which tend to elevate their forward ends. On the upper sideof the stop-bars 9 is a curved projection taken with a radius from thecenter 5 of the pivot-rod 10, which bears the catch-lug 12. A trigger 13of a width of nine stop-bars 9 is pivoted from a rod l iand held incontact by a spring 15. From the front side of the trigger 13 a wire 16extends forward and is bent across the front edge of the first keystem5, which is the error-key E. The wire dle-operated parts are mostly atthe rear of 16 engages a notch with an inclined edge in the stem 5 ofthe error-key E, so that when the error-key E is depressed the trigger13 is drawn forward and releases the lugs 12 on the stop-bars 9.

The operation of the keyboard and connec tions is as follows: A key isdepressed. It in turn depresses the forward end of the correspondingstop-bar 9 until the lug 12 has passed the point of the trigger 13,which at once springs in above it and holds the stopbar 9 in its newposition, as clearly shown in Fig. 9, where the stop-bar 9, operated bythe key numbered 8, is shown depressed. The rear ends of the stop-bars 9are graduated in length, the stop-bar 9 for the key numbered 1 beinglongest and the stop-bar 9 for the key numbered 9 the shortest. If anerror be made in depressing the keys, the error-key E is depressed andthe stop-bars 9 resume their normal position, as above described. In themachine shown in the drawings there are nine sets of stop-bars 9, onefor each column of keys, all alike in form and operation.

The entire mechanism of this machine is divided into two parts so far asthe motive power for its action is concernednamely, that operated by theaction of the keys and those parts operated by the handle. The hanthemachine and are supported by two up right frames 17 and 18, secured,respectively, at the right and left hand side of the base 1. Theseframes form the journals and housings for all the shafts and bars thatextend from side to side of the machine. The main shaft 19 is journaledin the frames 17 and 18 and has fixed at its right end an irregularpiece 20, provided with ratchet-teeth on an arc with the center of theshaft 19 as a center, and also a crank-arm 21, to which is connected thepitman 22 of a small air-check 23 of the usual construction. Piece isprovided with an external hub 24, to which the handle 25 is secured bytwo eccentric-pins 26 and a concentric screw 27, as clearly shown inFig. 3. Above the teeth of the ratchet-piece 20 is a two-pointed pawl28, pivoted on a heavy screw 29 to the frame 17. Secured to the back ofthe pawl 28 is a flat spring 30, the lower end of which presses againstthe side of the ratchet 20. The upper end presses against a small flatboss 31 on the frame 17, in the center of which is a small roundedprojection 32. On the back side of the ratchet 20 are placed two pins 33and 34. W'hen the machine is at rest, the parts are as shown in Fig. 5.If the handle is moved forward, the pressure of the lower end of thespring against the ratchet 20 keeps the front tooth of the pawl 28 outof engagement, the said pressure not being great enough to cause theupper end of spring 30 to pass over projection 32. When handle nears theend of its stroke, pin 34 strikes the side of spring 30 and carries theupper end thereof over projection 32. Now if handle 25 be reversedbefore the end of its stroke the friction of spring 30 against the sideof the ratchet 20 will at once bring the front tooth of pawl 28 intoengagement with the ratchet 20. The action is of course the same on thereturn stroke. It will be seen that this is a silent stop-pawl,which isneverin engagement except when doingwork, and the handle must completeits stroke in a given direction before it can be reversed.

The main shaft 19 has near each end, between the frames 17 and 18, asmall lug 35, and as the action of each is identical, but one will bedescribed. This lug 35 engages a hook 36 when the handle 25 is drawnforward, and the hook 36 is pivoted to a rod 37, which is hung in links38, suspended from the side frames 17 and 18 by screws 39, and a spring40 keeps the hook 36 in proper position to engage the lug 35. The upperend of the hook 36 carries a rod 41, which passes just in front of theupper end of the trigger 13. The operation of this device is as follows:The handle 25 is drawn forward, and lug 35 passes the lip on the hook36. On the return stroke of the handle 25 the lug 35 carries hook 36with it, swinging it on screws 39 as a center, rods 37 and 41 swingbackward, and rod 41 releases all the triggers 13 that may be inengagement. On the return stroke of the handle 25 lug 35 revolves farenough to clear hook 36 and permits hook 36 to return to its normalposition, as shown in Fig. 4. In this way the stop-bars 9 and the keys 8are automatically restored to their normal position by the operation ofthe handle 25.

The adding mecham'sm.This' consists of a series of nineaccumulator-wheels 42, one for each column of keys, which are rotated ineach case by a small pinion 43, placed directly underneath theaccumulator-wheel 42. Pinion 43 is wider than wheel 42, so that a rack44 can also engage it on its upper side. The rack 44 has a slot 45,through which a pin 46 extends, and the rack 44 is raised or lowered outof and into engagement with the pinion 43 by this pin 46. Pin 46 issecured in piece 47, which is pivoted on rod 48. The V- shaped piece 49is also pivoted on rod 48 and has a small lip 50, which extends underthe piece 47. A spring 51 tends to keep the two pieces 47 and 49together. A link 52 connects piece 49 with piece 53, which is pivoted onthe same rod 10 as the stop-bars 9 and has at its rear end a smallcross-piece 54, extending over the top of the nine stop-bars 9. A spring55 tends to keep the pin 46 in an elevated position and the rack 44 outof engagement with the pinion 43. (See Figs. 4 and 9.) The operation ofthis mechanism is as follows: A key 8 is depressed, which raises therear end of a stop-bar 9, which in turn raises the cross-piece 54, andthis causes piece 53 through link 52 and pieces 49 and 47 to lower thepin 46 and bring rack 44 into engagement with the pinion 43. When thestop-bar 9 is released, the reverse action takes place, and the rack 44is disengaged from the pinion by means which will be described later.The rear end of the rack 44 is pivoted to the lower end of thesector-arm 56. These sector-arms 56 are irregular-shaped bell-cranksswung from the rod 57, their lower ends spread out laterally until theycome in line with each column of keys 8 and terminate in a horizontalfoot 58, which is as wide and directly over each set of nine stop-bars9. The appearance of these as viewed from the rear is shown in Fig. 14.The upper ends of the sector-arms 56 lie close together in about thecenter of the machine. On the outside of the frames 17 and 18 there aretwo pieces 59, secured to the rod 60, which is journaled in the frames17 and 18. The lower ends of 59 are secured to a cross-plate 61, whichhas notches 62 (see Fig. 4) out in its rear edge to guide the lower endsof the sector-arms 56, and a separate spring 63 connects the plate 61with each sector-arm 56. A connecting-rod 64 extends from the piece 59on the right-hand side to the ratchet 20, (see Fig. 5,) and a similarconnecting-rod 64 on the left-hand side connects to a crank 65 on theshaft 19. (See Fig. 7.) If the handle 25 is drawn forward and the shaft19 rotated, the connecting-rods 64 and 64 will cause the plate 61 toswing, and the tension on the springs 63 will bring the sector-arms 56forward until they meet some opposition, after which the springs 63distend. This forward movement of the sector-arms 56 brings the rack 44forward and rotates the pinion 43, which in turn rotates theaccumulatorwheels 42. Whenever an accumulator-wheel 42 rotates through adistance of ten teeth, it must automatically rotate the nextaccumulator-wheel 42 to the left a distance of one tooth. I

The carrying derice.-Each accumulatorwheel 42 has secured to the leftend of its hub 66 a triangle 67, whose points are separated by adistance of ten teeth on the wheel 42. A wing 68 is swung on a rod 69and has a tendency to swing forward by means of the spring 70. The lowerend of the wing 68 carries a hook 71, which catches over a bar 72, thepoint of said hook 71 being just within the path of the point of thetriangle 67, and when triangle 67 revolves past the hook 71 itdisengages said hook 71 from the bar 72 and permits the wing 68 to swingforward until it strikes the bar 73. A pawl 74, pivoted to the wing 68,engages the accumulator-wheel 42 to the left, and the swinging movementof the wing 68 is just sufficient to move the pawl 74 into engagementwith the next tooth of the wheel 42. (See Figs. 4, 12, and 13.) Thefront edge of the wing 68 is providedwith an incline 75. A bar 76extends across the front of the wings 68 and is secured at each end to apiece 77, which is pivoted to the frames 17 and 18 at 78. To the lowerend of the piece 77 is pivoted an irregular-shaped piece 79, whichengages two pins 80 and 81 on the inner side of the piece 59. Theoperation of this movement is as follows: When 59 has been swungforward, the free end of 79 engages pin 80, as shown in Fig. 6. On thereturn stroke of 59 pin 80 pushes on piece 79. Near the end of itsreturn stroke the lower pin 81 strikes the under side of piece 79 anddisengages it from pin 80 and permits the spring 82 to raise the bar 76.lVhen the hook 71 is disengaged from the bar 72, the inclined edge 75 ofthe wing 68 is in the path of the descending bar 76, and the wing 68 isswung back by the bar 76 until the hook 71 reengages the bar 72. Theirmovement causes the pawl 74 to revolve the accumulator-wheel 42 adistance of one tooth. For consecutive carrying the inclines 75 arearranged in adiagonal line across the front of the machine,

, the highest being at the right, the lowest at the left, as indicatedby the dotted lines in Fig. 4. To prevent the pawl 74 impartingsufficient momentum to the accum ulator-wheel 42 to cause it to revolvemore than one tooth, the upper corner of the pawl is beveled OE, and arod 84 extends across the machine, suspended by swinging links 85,suitably pivoted to the frames 17 and 18. A pin 86, secured in a lever77, passes a set-off 86 on the link 85 and permits the rod 84 to swingforward, being impelled by a suitable spring 87. The rod is now directlyover the beveled end of the pawl 74, and any further forward movement ofsaid pawl 74 would cause the end to be wedged in tightly between the rod84 and the accumulator-wheel 42.

To the front of the piece 56 is pivoted the type-sector 88. Thetype-sector 88 is held normally in a forward position by means of thespring 89 and has eleven type engraved upon its face, beginning with Oat the top. Then follows the numbers 1 to 9, with a 0 after the 9. Theupper ends of the type-sectors 88 are confined and guided by twovertical plates 90, and as the typesector 88 rise they come in contactwith a series of turn-blocks 91, which are pivoted on a rod 92,extending between the plates 90. These blocks, of an irregular shape,are held in a normal position by springs 93, as shown in Fig. 4. Theback face of turn-block 91 is curved on an arc of the same radius as thefront side of the type-sectors 88, and about the middle of the back faceof the turn-blocks 91 there is an indenture 94. \Vhen a typesector 88 israised till the upper 0 comes in the printing-line, the end of thetype-sector is in the indenture 94; but when the typesector 88 is raiseduntil the type 1 2, &c., is in the printing-line then the turn-block 91will be tilted and the front edge of the type-sector will be in contactwith the back face of the turn-block 91, and this will press thetype-sector backward a short distance. This movement is shown in Fig.17, in which the type-sector 88 is shown with the 0 brought to theprinting-line. The type-sector 88 has been raised until the type 8 is onthe printing-line, and it willbe seen that the faces of the type on thesector 88 are far- Y Al:

ther back than those on the type-sector 88 The turn-blocks 91 have ashoulder-recess 95 milled out of their left-hand sides at the lower end,and on the right-hand side there is secured a pin 96, which engages theedge of the recess 95 in turn-block 91 just to the right. From this itwill be seen that whenever a turn-block 91 is tilted by the raising of atypesector 88 it tilts all of the other turn-blocks 91 to the right, butleaves those to the left in their normal position. Therefore if in Fig.17 a type-sector 88 to the right of (beyond) the type-sector 88 wereraised so that when the first 0 came to the printing-line thecorresponding turn-block 91 would force such sector backward until theface of the 0 type would be in line with the face of the type on thesector 88*. This is indicated by dotted lines. As the type-sectors 88rise from their normal position, as shown in Fig. 4, to theprinting-line they'pass in light contact with the inking-roller 97,which is suitably supported by levers mounted on plates 90.

Total mecham'sm.The total mechanism is brought into engagement bydepressing the total-key 98, which in turn depresses the total-lever 99.(See Figs. 7 and 16.) The lever 99 is a bent one and mounted on the rod100, which is journaled in the side frames 17 and 18. This rod 100 hassecured to it at each end, just within the side frame 17 and 18, aV-shaped piece 101. The lower end of the piece 101 carries a bar 102,which extends through the series of racks 103, and the upper part of the\l-piece 101 carries a rod 104:, which extends across the machine justbeneath the carry-pawls 74. Now when the total-key 98 is depressed itrotates rod 100 slightly, and this in turn causes the bar 102 to beraised and brings the rack 103 in line for engagement with the underside of the pinion 43. At the same time the rod 104 is raised anddisengages all of the pawls 74, in this way leaving theaccumulator-wheel 4-2 free to be revolved in a backward direction. It isdesirable in this machine to keep the total-key depressed after thehandle 25 has started on its forward movement until said handle shallhave completed said movement, at which time the total-key 98 may beeither released or held down while the handle returns to its normalposition; butif held down when handle 25 starts on its return movementit should not be released before the handle 25 has completed its returnmovement. To accomplish this end, two pins 105 are secured to theoutside of the lever 99 in a diagonal position, as shown in Fig. 16. Alever 106,having a flange 106 at its lower end, is pivoted to a bent end107 of one of the strips 7. (See 4.) The upper end of lever 106 ispivoted to a yoke 108, the ends of which surround the main shaft 19 andare bent into the path of pins 109 and 110, secured to the hub of thecrank 65, and a spring 111 tends to throw the yoke 108 in a backwarddirection. The operation of this device is as follows: WVhen thehandle25 is in its normal position, the pin 1.09 is in contact with the lowerend of the yoke 108 and has pressed it forward, as shown in Fig. 16.This swings the lever 106 so that the flange 106 at its lower end is outof the path of the two pins 105. As soon, however, as the handle 25moves forward, pin 109 retreats, and the yoke 10S moves backward. Thisbrings the flange 106" between the pins 105, and any attempt to depressthe total-key 98 would press the upper pin 105 against the flange 106,which would stop any further movement. If, however, the total-key 98 hadbeen depressed before the handle 25 moved forward, then the flange 106would swing above the upper pin .105 and prevent the total-key 98 fromrising until the handle had completed its stroke, at which time the pin110 on the hub of the crank 65 would come in contact with the upper endof the yoke 108 and press the yoke forward, which would withdraw flange106 from the path of the pin 105. From this it will be seen that themovement of the handle 25 locks ihelever99 in either a raised or loweredposition, and this whether the handle 25 starts a forward or a returnmovement. Figs. 19 and 20 show the method of connecting the yoke 108 tothe shaft 19.

On the outside of the frames 17 and 18 is secured a sliding bar 112.This bar passes inside the swing-piece 59 and has a pin 113 arranged tobe struck by the back edge of piece 59 when said piece nears itsrearward position and a similar pin 114: arranged to be struck by thefront edge of piece 59 when said piece 59 nears the limit of its forwardmovement. The forward end of the bar 112 is pivoted to a link 115, whichlink is pivoted to side frames 17 and 18. The lower end of the link 115operates on the front end of a tilting lever 116, secured to the sideframes 17 and 18. Between the rear ends of the tilting levers 116 thereextends an incline-bar 117. The forward end of the tilting lever 116 isso shaped that when the piece 59 has, through the pin 113, drawn the bar112 to its rearward position the link 115 strikes the forward end oftilting lever 116 and depresses said forward end, thus raising the bar117. When, however, the piece 59 swings forward to its extreme limit, itstrikes the pin 114, moves the bar 112 forward, which swings the lowerend of the link 115 forward, and permits the tilting of lever 116 todrop the bar 117 into engagement with the teeth of the rack 103. Thiswill prevent the rack 103 from moving any further in a forwarddirection.

Referring to Fig. 7, a hook 118 will be seen engaging the forward end ofthe tilting lever 116.

119, mounted on the base 1, and the lower end of said hook 118 is bentforward. A bent arm 120,secu red to the total-lever 99,contacts with thebent end of the hook 118, and when the total-key 98 is depressed saidarm 120 This hook is pivoted on the small base disengages the hook 118from the end of the tilting lever 116. When the hook 118 is inengagement with tilting lever 116, the movement of the link does notaffect the position of the bar 117, inasmuch as the hook 118 holds saidbar 117 out of engagement with the rack 103.

The paper-carriage.The printing in this machine is done by bringing thepaper into a pressure-contact with the surface of the type on thetype-sectors 88. The paper is fed by rotating the roller around which itpasses and which forms the pressure-surface. This roller is capable oflateral adjustment, so that the figures can be printed in any desiredposition on the paper. The carriage consists, essentially, of afram'e'121, mounted upon levers'122, which are pivoted at 123 to theside frames 17 and 18. The frame 121 is composed of two sections ofangle-iron, as shown in Fig. 4, the ends of which are bent vertical tosupport two rods 124, along which slides the bearings 125 of theroller-holder 126. The roller 127 is of the usual construction and typeused upon type-writing and adding machines and is provided with ratchet128 at one end. The pawl 129 is mounted upon a swinging piece 130 at oneend of the roller 127 and engages ratchet 128. A similar piece 130 atthe other end of the roller is connected to the first piece 130 by meansof a rod 131, which extends the full length of the roller 127. (See Fig.2.) This rod 131 is held in its normal position by an arm 132, mountedupon a rod 133, (see Fig. 16,) which is journaled at one end in a frame18 and at the other end in a piece 134, (see Fig. 4,) which is just tothe left of the left-hand plate 90. The other end of the rod 133 carriesa small lever 135, which has on its upper surface two indentures, withthe rounded projection 136 on its upper side. The upper end of thelefthand V-piece 101 has an extensiomwhich carries a pin 137, engagingthe upper side of lever 135. The normal position of the arm 132 and thelever is shown in Fig. 16, also in Fig. 4. If, however, the total-key 98is depressed,the pin 137 will move forward right over the projection136, depress the lever 135, and swing the fork-arm 132 forward. This inturn will swing the rod 131 forward and cause the pawl 129 to rotate theroller 127 through a distance of one space or one tooth on the ratchet128, so that in taking a total the paper-carriage is rotated an extraplace before the total is printed. Asmall contactroller 138 is placedjust below the roller 127 and held against roller 127 by the springs139. Suitable paper-guides 140 conduct the paper around the roller 127.Connecting-rods 141 extend between the levers 122 and the swingingpieces 59 and are so arranged that when the handle 25 is drawn forwardand piece 59 swings forward the connecting-rod 141 will swing the lever122 forward and bring the roller 127 into contact with the type-sectors88. This forward movement of the roller 127 does not atfect the positionof the fork-arm 132, which consequently holds the rod 131 stationary.The effect of this on the pawl129 is to bring it into engagement withthe next succeeding tooth of the ratchet 128. The return movement of theroller 127 brings the pawl 129 and rod 131 into the position shown inFig. 8 and rotates the roller 127 through a distance of one space. Thepressure between the roller 127 and the type-sectors 88 is regulated bymeans of the screw 142, which moves the plates 90 forward or backwardand with them the turn-blocks 91.

flirtlt1)9Zy1'ng-7tey.-In machines of this character, where theoperation of the keys 8 serves to establish stops which limit themovement of such parts of the machine as are operated by the handle 25it is often desired to repeat a given amount set up on the keyboard anumber of times. It thereforeisincumbent that a method should beemployed whereby the return stroke of the handle 25 will notautomatically restore the keys 8. In this machine alever 143 (see Fig.15) is pivoted to the frame 18. The front end of thislever extends undertrigger-hook 36 and the key 144 depresses the forward end of lever 143.This raises the rear end of 143 and with it trigger-hook 36, so thatitWillbe out of the path of the travel of lug 35 on the main shaft 19, asshown in Fig. 17. Therefore the handle 25 on its return stroke will notcause lug 35 to release the triggers 13 through their connectingmechanism.

In machines of this character it is customary to omit the Os from thekeyboard and so design the machine that the Os will be antomaticallytaken care of in both printing the figures and taking the total. Inprinting the figures with this machine it becomes necessary that the Ostop-bars, whose action shall be similar to the stop-bars 9, shall beprovided and shall be automatically operated. These stop-bars arenumbered 145 and can be seen in Figs. 4, 9, 10, and 11. They are pivotedto the same rod 10 as the stop-bars 9, and one 0 stop-bar 145 isprovided for each set of nine stop-bars 9. To a small lug on the topstop-bars 145 there is secured a pin 146. This pin 146 has a smallprojecting shoulder extending through on the left-hand side of the bar145 and a corresponding recess cut from its lower half at the extremerighthand end, as clearly shown in Fig. 10. The pin 146 extends acrossthe top of the entire set of stop-bars 9, so that when any key isdepressed and a stop-bar 9 rises it carries with it the pin 146 and theautomatic 0 stopbar145, and through the pin 146 all of the automaticstop-bars 145 in columns to the right of the one where the key wasdepressed are also raised. Thus if the figure 5 in the thousands-columnbe depressed the automatic stop-bars 145 would be set in the hundreds,tens, and units columns to the right.

In order to keep the pinion 43 in the exact position to engage the upperand lower racks IIO 44 and 103, a centeringpawl 147 (see Fig. 4) ismounted on the rod 148 and kept in engagement with the accumulator-wheel42 by means of a suitable spring 149. ing-pawl 147 is made with a bluntnose, so that the accumulator-wheel 42 can rotate both forward andbackward while pawl 147 is in engagement therewith.

The operation of the moc7zne.When it is desired to add a particularnumber, the keys 8 in the corresponding places are depressed. Forinstance, in adding five hundred and fifty-five the 5 key in thehundreds-column, the 5 key in the tens-column, and the 5 key in theunits-column are depressed. The operation of each key and itscorresponding mechanism being the same throughout the machine, theaction of but one column will be followed. When the key 8 is depressed,it pushes the corresponding: stop-bar down and tilts its. rear end up.The small lug 12 on stop-bar 9 engages the trigger 13, passes saidtrigger, and the trigger falls above it. This holds the stop-bar in itstilted position, the key 8 remaining down. The rear end of the stop-bar9 is now raised and in the path of the foot 58 of the piece 56. If,however, an error was made and the wrong key 8 was depressed, then theerror-key E should be depressed, which releases the trigger 13 fromengagement with the lug 12, and the proper key 8 may then be depressed.When the rear end of stop-bar 9 rises, it strikes the cross-bar 54 andraises the same. This causes the piece 53 to swing forward and through52 depresses the long end of piece 47 and with it the pin 46, bringingthe rack 44 into line for engagementwith the pinion 43. This movement isclearly shown in Fig. 9, in which the number 8 key 8 has been depressed.The handle is next drawn forward. It rotates the shaft 19 and throughthe connecting-bars 64 swings the cross-plate 61 forward. The springs 63swing piece 56 on the rod 57. It will be seen by examining Fig. 4 thatthere is a distance between the normal position of the foot 58 of thepiece 56 and the end ofthelongest stop-bar 9, which is the stop-bar forthe 1 key 8. There is also a space between the pinion 43 and the firsttooth on the rack 44. When the handle 25 has caused the foot 58 to swinguntil it is in contact with the lowest stop-bar 9, if the same waselevated at its rear end the first tooth of the rack 44 would havecaused the pinion 43 to revolve a distance of one tooth. The pawl 147would have ridden over one tooth and would rest between the nextsuccessive ones. This movement of the piece 56 would cause thetype-sector 88 to rise and bring the 1 type on the printing-line,passing the inking-roller 97 before being elevated to the printing-line. The object of this apparent lost motion between the foot 58and the first stop-bar 9 and the lack of teeth on the rack 44 and alsoon the rack 103 is to permit a sufficient movement of the type-sectors88 to cause them to This centerpass the inking-roller 97 before comingto the printing-line. If the key 8 numbered 5 had been depressed, thefoot 58 would strike the 5 stop-bar 9 and the rack 44 would rotate thepinion 43 a distance of five teeth. Whenever the foot 58 strikes the endof one of the stop-bars 9, the spring 63 distends as the guide-plate 61is swung forward to the extreme limit of its forward position. As piece59 swings forward connecting-rods 141 swing' the levers 122 forward andupward and bring the roller 127 into contact with the type on thesectors 88. In this way the printing is accomplished. As piece 59 swingsforward its front edge hits pin 114, pushes the sliding bar 112 into itsforward position, and swings the links 115 forward. To the lower end ofthe links 115 is connected a rod 150, which is just below the arm 47 andforward of the position of rod 150. When in its retracted position,there is a cam 151 extending downward. When piece 59 has completed itsforward movement, rod 150 has been swung forward under the cam 151 andin this way raised the arm 47 and the pin 46, so that the rack 144 isdisengaged from the pinion 43, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 9.The handle 25 is now ready to start its return stroke, the pin 34 on theratchet 20 having caused the pointed end of the spring to ride over theprojection 32 on the boss 31 and turn pawl 28 so that its rear pointwould be ready for engagement. The lug 35 on the main shaft 19 haspassed the point of the trigger-hook 36 and is now in engagementtherewith. As the handle recedes trigger-hook 36 swings backward andcarries with it the rod 41,which disengages the trigger 13 and theprintingroller 127 swings back to its normal position. In doing so thepawl 129 acts on the ratchetwheel 128 and rotates the printing-roller127 through a distance of one space. The normal position of theaccumulator-wheels 42 is that shown in Fig. 12, wherein the triangles 67have their points so that one of them comes just above the point of thehook 71 when the same is in engagement with the bar 72. The act ofadding causes the rack 44 to rotate pinion 43 to the left and theaccumulatorwheel 42 to the right. lVhen the accumulator-wheel hasrotated a distance of ten teeth, the next succeeding point of thetriangle 67 will have come in contact with the point of 71 anddisengage-said hook 71 from the bar 72, as shown in Fig. 12. Thispermits the wing 68 to swing forward and brings the pawl 74 into thenext succeeding tooth of the accumulator wheel 42. Now when the piece 59is swung forward and racks 44 have rotated the wheels 42 to the amountrespectively set up on the keys 8 of the corresponding columns the piece79 comes into engagement with the pin 80 and the return stroke of thehandle 25 causes the pin 80 to act on piece 79 and depresses the bar 76,which strikes the incline edge 75 of the IIO wing 68 and swings wing 68backward until the hook 71 is in engagement with bar 72.

' This rotates the next accumulator-wheel 42 to handle 25 operated, thetriangle 67, connected to the accumulator-wheel 42 of the units-column,will be in position shown in Fig.12 and the wing 68, between thetriangle 07 of the units-column and theaccumu lator-wheel 42 of thetens-column, will be in the position shown by the forward wing 68 inFig. 12.

Then the handle 25 begins its return stroke, the bar 76 will strike theincline 75 of the first wing 68, which is the highest incline 75, (seeFig. 4,) and swing this wing 08 until hook7l reengages bar 72. This willat once rot-ate accumulator-wheel 42 for the tens-cot umn a distance ofone tooth, which will release the corresponding hook 71 and permit thesecond wing 68 to spring forward. As bar 76 descends it will strike thiswing on the incline 75, bring hook 71 into engagement, turn theaccumulator-wheel 42 a distance of one tooth in the column above, andrelease the succeeding hook 71. In this way the successive carrying goeson until bar 76 has reached the limit of its downward movement, at whichall of the eight wings 68 may be sprung forward and then brought backuntil the detached hooks 71 are reengaged with the bar 72.

In printing an ordinary sum like five hundred the 5 in thehundreds-column is depressed and this brings into engagement theautomatic 0 stop-bars 145 in the columns to the right. These 0 stop bars145 are shorter than the shortest stop-bar 9 by an amount about equal tothe difference in length between two of the stop-bars 9, so that whenthe foot 58 of the piece 56 strikes the automatic stop-bar 145 the 0 atthe lower end of the row of type on the type-sector 88 will be in theprinting-line. The object of having two Os on the type-sector 88 andmaking the automatic 0 stop-bar 145 the shortest of all the stop-bars isto prevent the unnecessary tension on the spring 63 when the handle 25is drawn forward and Os are to be printed.

To take the total after any various amounts have been added,thetotal-key 98 is depressed, which raises the bar 102 and brings all ofthe racks 103 into line for engagement with the under side of the pinion43. The upper end of the V-piece 101 will cause the yoke 132 to swingthe rod 181 forward, and this will cause the pawl 129 to rotate theroller 127 through a distance of one space. If the handle 25 is nowdrawn forward, it will causethe racks 103 to move forward until theyareall in engagement with the pinion 43. Now if in any particular columnthe figure of the total is represented by 0 the triangle 67 will haveone pointjust above the point of the hook 71, and this will stop allfurther revolution of its connected accumulator-wheel 42 and pinion 43.The forward movement of the plate 01 will simply distend the spring 63.In this position, however, the upper 0 on the typesector 88 will havepassed the inking-roller 97 and be on the printing-line. It will not,however, tilt the turn-block 91, but will extend into the indenture 94,so that in taking a total all the Os are bound to be raised to theprinting-line. Now if in any column the total is represented by a figurefrom 1 to 9 the rack 103 will rotate the pinion 43 and theaccumulator-wheel 42 will reverse its movement a distance which willcorrespond in number of teeth to the figure in the total, at which timethe point of the triangle 67 will engage the top of the point of thehook 71 and stop all further movement of the rack 103. This movement oftherack 103 will permit the corresponding type-sector 88 to bring thetype numbered 1 to 9 into the printing-line, and this sector will tiltthe turnblock 91 and bring this sector rearward. At the same time theturn-block 91 will tilt all of the turn-blocks 91 to the right or incolumns below. For instance, if the sum-total was fivehundred,thehundreds-column sector 88 would rise until the 5 type came onthe printingline. The sectors SS- for the tens-column and theunits-column would not rise, but the turn-blocks would tilt and theupper 0 would be pressed backward until its face was level with the 5 inthe hundreds-column. The Os to the left or above the hundredscolumnsector 88 would not tilt. Therefore the Os on these sectors 88 wouldremain below the surface of the printing.

The machines ordinarily constructed in this country are for use inadding money, and such a machine is shown in the drawings. The twocolumns to the right are for the units and tens and cents, and if thetotal is represented by a number of cents less than ten it is customaryto print the 0 before such figure. For instance, five cents isrepresented by .05. Therefore the turn-block 91 for the first and secondsectors 88 to the extreme right is made in one piece.

It is not necessary to confine this machine to the adding of decimals,as any other system of figures may be used by simply varying thedistance or number of teeth in the accumulator-wheel 42 between thepoints of the triangle 67.

Having described our invention, we claim- 1. The combination in anadding-machine of a column of keys, a separate pivoted stopbar connectedto be operated by each key, a

printing device and an adding device, and a moving part to which theprinting and adding devices are connected, the travel of said movingpart being limited by the stop-bars when in operation, substantially asdescribed.

2. The combination in an adding-machine of a printing device, an addingdevice, and a moving part to which the printing and adding devices areeach connected, pivoted stop-bars of graded length which in operationlimit the travel of the said moving part, substantially as described.

3. The combination in an adding-machine of series of columns of keys, aseparate pivoted stop-bar connected to each key, latches for holdingsaid stop-bars in their operative position, means for releasing saidlatches independently, and means for releasing said latchessimultaneously, substantially as described.

4. The combination in an adding-machine ofa series of columns of keys,aseparate pivoted stop-bar connected to each key, a rack for turning theadding mechanism, and a rackengaging mechanism operated by the stopbars,substantially as described.

5. The combination in an adding-machine of two racks connected to thesame moving part, an adding device, means for alternately engaging thesaid racks so that they will rotate the adding device in oppositedirections, and pivoted stop-bars of graded length which in operationlimit the travel of said moving part, substantially as described.

6. The combination in an adding-machine of type-bearing sectors, pivotedto moving arms, means for raising the type-surface of all sectors thatprint above the type-surface of the sectors that do not print, and aplaten which presses the paper against the raised type, substantially asdescribed.

7. The combination in an adding-machine of a total-key, a paper rollabout which the paper to be printed passes, and means for antomaticallyrotating the said roll an extra space when the total-key is operated,substantially as described.

8. The combination in an adding-machine of a total-key and apaper-feeding device and means for automatically operating the paperfeeddevice an extra space Whenever the totalkey is operated, substantiallyas described.

9. The combination in an adding-machine of a handle, a rack, and atwo-pointed pawl, means for holding said pawl out of engagement withsaid rack when the handle makes its full stroke in each direction, andmeans for bringing said pawl into engagement with said rack wheneversaid handle is reversed before completing its stroke in eitherdirection.

10. The combination in an adding-machine of type-bearing sectors havingfixed type thereon numbered O,l, 2, 3,and to 9 all the type beingnormally below the printing-line, an automatic device for raising thetype-sector to the printing-line Whenever a sectoris moved to bringfigure 1, or a higher numberinto printing position, on the sector somoved and all type-sectors to the right, and an inking device whichoperates to ink the type before the same are brought to theprinting-line.

HALCOLM ELLIS. NATHAN W. PERKINS, JR.

Witnesses:

J. B. PADFIELD, CHARLES C. ENGEL.

